Infrastructure and home renos – a stimulus package that leaves women and our children behind

By investing solely in infrastructure instead of the human capital of our kids, our leaders are not making the smartest use of your money, writes ARACY CEO Penny Dakin.

Australian governments are in a tough spot. They face a health and economic challenge unlike any inliving memory, and the task of digging us out of this crisis is fraught with risk and hard decisions.

 

There have been good decisions. Increasing the unemployment safety net is one. A great decision would be to maintain these levels beyond our current recovery phase.

 

There have also been somewhat unorthodox, perhaps unfathomable decisions, like the scheme toeffectively give those already doing rather well an extra $25,000 for home renovations.

 

There have been more orthodox decisions too – such as the massive infrastructure investmentsannounced across all levels of government. Many of these focused on public goods – footpaths,sporting fields and even social housing.

 

While orthodox, a new study shows that these types of investments alone are not the smartest use ofyour money. In fact the analysis shows that by focusing stimulus investment solely on the male-dominated building sector, a huge opportunity to create jobs for women – even harder hit than men byCOVID-induced unemployment, has been lost, as has a chance to help set our children up for the future.

 

The paper, The gendered employment gains of investing in social vs. physical infrastructure: evidence from simulations across seven OECD countries demonstrates that by investing in caring services, including health and education, rather than physical infrastructure, more jobs would be created for women, and more jobs created overall in our economy.

 

Beyond the immediate advantages to our economy, to women and our fellow Australians who areclients of the caring services, there are very good long-term reasons why it would be great if our political leaders threw off the orthodoxy and made the best use of your limited taxpayer dollars by investing in areas such as the health, housing and education of our children. It’s better for people and the economy.

 

ACOSS and the University of Sydney found that even before COVID-19, families with a female mainincome earner were more than twice as likely to live in poverty as those in which the main incomeearner was male. And yet the benefits of ensuring work for this breadwinner would go well beyond thebreadwinner and the immediate needs of the family.

 

ARACY research shows that for an Australian child to truly thrive , they must be having their needs met in the following six key, interlocking areas: Being Loved, Valued and Safe; Having Material Basics; Being Healthy; Learning; Participating; and Having a Positive Sense of Identity & Culture. Other research makes it clear that while it is never too late to invest in setting a child on a better life trajectory, the earlier this is done the better for the child, their family and our whole community. And more recent ARACY analysis shows that kids in jobless families do it toughest on a range of fronts.

 

The evidence makes it clear that by investing in sectors that create more jobs for women, who might,through no fault of their own, otherwise be trying to support their family on Newstart/JobSeeker, weare instantly removing a major driver of disadvantage for the children in that family.

 

Beyond the direct effects of individual families, there are broader positive impacts for our wholecommunity in higher investments in these sectors.

 

For example, Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) is largely viewed by government as aproductivity measure freeing up (mostly) mothers to participate in the workforce.

 

However in a nation where 1 in 5 children start school ill-equipped to succeed, we should be focussingon the educational benefits of ECEC to help prepare kids for school and beyond. As Former SouthAustralian Premier, now CEO of Thrive by Five Jay Weatherill told Nine recently “most of the publicdiscourse about childcare has been about its effect on people getting back to work; almost no discussion has been focused on what the child is missing out on [due to COVID-19 disruption] in terms of the basic building blocks for their learning, because it’s just not widely understood how profoundly important the brain development of a child is in those first five years."

 

And yet the Commonwealth’s COVID-19 measure of free child care is due to end on 12 July andJobKeeper assistance for the sector will end on 20 July. This puts at risk the jobs of thousands of(predominantly female) educators, the viability of thousands of centres, and the education of countlessAustralian children.

 

The sorts of benefits to the community and savings to the Budget of focusing more investment in social capital, and particularly in our children, are staggering.

 

A 2019 report by CoLab and partners found that every Australian is paying $607 per year ($15.2 billion in total) for services that could have been avoided, had kids and families in need been provided with early and appropriate help. Much of this help would be delivered by women through roles in the caring sector.

 

This costing of $15.2 billion, equivalent to three times the annual value of Australia’s wheat exports, isconservative. The report doesn’t cost the wider social and economic impacts of the issues experiencedby children and young people, nor does it include lifetime costs resulting from a lack of earlyintervention.

 

This report reinforces the need for the nation to recognise the early years as the most effective time tohelp our kids. The COVID-19 crisis and the analysis by De Henau and Himmelweit make clear that this is something our policy makers should be doing now.

 

But as it stands, the response from government is mostly orthodox, and the construction sector will see much larger rivers of taxpayer gold than will our children and those who work to teach and care forthem.

 

Given the penchant for orthodoxy, I would ask all levels of government to revisit their plans wholesale.If, having done so, the determination remains that it must be the construction sector that receives the lion’s share of stimulus funding, then it should do so based on evidence, and in a way that may yetbenefit Australia’s children.

 

In a 2019 report by ARACY and partners, PwC Australia modelling found that if every child in Australia spent their first three years in stable housing, our economy would be $3 billion better off each year.

 

So if we have to spend money on housing, could our leaders please send a little more of the $688 million HomeBuilder package towards social housing? This would at least help ensure that more Australian kids have a safe place to sleep, rather than ensuring those who already have $150,000 to spend on upgrading their home get nicer fixtures and fittings.